Photographer Mark Richards explores the beauty and complexity of the earliest computing machines. Manufactured by the Nippon Electric Company (NEC), the drum-based machine was one of the earliest ...

We’ve seen a few retro products using core rope memory, such as telephone autodiallers. Obviously, we’ve covered the Apollo program computers, but we don’t think we’ve seen a complete and functional ...

If you want read-only memory today, you might be tempted to use flash memory or, if you want old-school, maybe an EPROM. But there was a time when that wasn’t feasible. [Igor Brichkov] shows us how to ...

With transistors and logic gates as our basic building blocks, we can begin to construct the actual circuits that make up computer memory. One of the simplest memory circuits is the AND gate, which ...